Effects of stability margin and thrust specific fuel consumption constrains on multi-disciplinary optimization for blended-wing-body design

Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) configuration, as an innovative transport concept, has become a worldwide research focus in the field of civil transports development. Relative to the conventional Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration, the BWB shows integrated benefits and serves as a most promising candidate for future ‘‘green aviation". The objective of the present work is to figure out the effects of the stability margin and Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption(TSFC) on the BWB design in the framework of Multi-Disciplinary Optimization(MDO). A physically-based platform was promoted to study the effect static stability margin and engine technology level. Low-order physically based models are applied to the evaluation of the weight and the aerodynamic performance. The modules and methods are illustrated in detail, and the validation of the methods shows feasibility and confidence for the conceptual design of BWB aircrafts. In order to find out the relation between planform changes and the selection of stability and engine technology level, two sets of optimizations are conducted separately. The study proves that these two factors have dominant effects towards the optimized BWB designs in both aerodynamic shapes, weight distribution, which needs to be considered during the MDO design process. A balance diagram analysis is applied to find out a reasonable static stability margin range. It can be concluded that a recommended stability margin of a practical BWB commercial aircraft can be half of that of a conventional TAW design.     

投入产出理论中两种消耗系数关系的新推证

从随机过程中状态转移矩阵的概仿出发，对投入产出理论中从直接消耗系数Ａ求得完全消耗系数矩阵Ｔ，提出一种新的推证方法，证明了Ａ与Ｔ之间的数量依存关系。     

蒸汽引射稠油输送新技术

管线输送是稠油输运的一种主要手段。由于我国一些油田原油粘度高,常温下流动性差,管输需采用特殊工艺。根据粘度随温度沿指数下降的规律,与其它工艺比较,加热输送工艺有更大的潜力。该文提出了一种蒸汽引射直接加热稠油输送的新技术。为研究其有效性,进行了性能分析,并在辽河油田Ф80mm,300m输油管线上进行了现场实验,测量了三种工况下该方法对稠油的温度、压降和含水率的影响。实验结果表明该文提出的方法是可行的。     

某型无人机导轨起飞装置气液压能源系统的应用

介绍了以气囊式蓄能器和液压缸为主构成的某型无人机导轨发射装置的气液压能源系统，并对气囊式蓄能器和液压缸的动态参数特性及其匹配关系进行了理论分析计算和动态特性试验。计算和试验结果表明，该气液压能源系统所确定的气液压能转换成机械能后能够满足无人机起飞所需的动力，并在某型无人机导轨发射装置中得到了工程应用。     

海上采油平台锚泊状态和拖航状态海面上大气边界层模拟以及海面表层中海流模拟的风洞试验

在７０２所０２风洞中完成的流花１１－１海上采油平台锚泊状态和拖航状态的海面上大气边界层模拟和海面表层５０米内海流模拟的风洞试验，得到了上述三种状态模拟流场的数据。每种状态的模拟流场均有左、中、右、前、后五个风速和湍流度分布剖面。从相应每五个剖面的数据一致性来看，模拟流场的均匀性是好的。风速剖面与要求值之间的偏差一般不超过１０％，绝大部分在６％左右并符合指数律分布。湍流度剖面也基本达到了期望的数值范围和分布规律。因此试验数据是可信的，风洞模拟是成功的。可以进一步用上述模拟流场分别进行流花１１－１海上采油平台水上结构部分和水下结构部分的气动力试验研究。     

基于DMOM算法的航空发动机性能寻优控制

提出一种分散迁移优化算法(DMOM),可实现多峰值优化问题的全局最优解搜索.该算法通过随机选择参考粒子,不断迁移搜索自身所处区域峰值点,再通过分散操作排除局部最优点,重新生成新个体,可快速搜索到全局最优区域.将DMOM应用于航空发动机性能寻优控制仿真,结果表明:在最小油耗和最低涡轮温度模式下, DMOM的寻优速度相比遗传算法(GA)和粒子群算法(PSO)提高了2倍以上;同时DMOM的优化精度相比自组织迁移算法(SOMA)提高了60%以上,相比可行性序列二次规划(FSQP)算法提高了20%以上.验证了DMOM相比其他优化算法有更强的跳出局部最优的能力,在航空发动机最小油耗和最低涡轮温度这类多峰值寻优问题中具有明显的优势.      

Remaining useful life prediction based on the Wiener process for an aviation axial piston pump

An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump’s degradation from comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char-acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord-ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi-cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.     

某型发动机增设滑油低压开关可行性研究

某型民用航空发动机服役后,在全球范围内,装备该机型的民用客机在运行过程中多次出现由于滑油压力传感器故障导致的滑油低压误告警,使得飞行员主动关停发动机,从而导致空停。通过安全性分析的方式,对该型发动机的滑油系统中增设滑油低压开关来关闭误告警问题的可行性进行评估,同时对增设低压开关的影响进行权衡,确认方法可行,增设低压开关有利于保证该型民用航空发动机航线运行中的安全性和派遣率。     

4116航天润滑油摩擦特性的影响因素

采用球盘试验机测定了4116航天润滑油在不同工况下的摩擦因数,尤其成功实现了高低温环境下的测试.应用正交试验设计方法,研究了滚动速度、滑动速度、最大工作压力和入口油温4个因素对润滑油摩擦特性的影响,并绘出各因素对摩擦因数的影响曲线.研究结果表明:滑动速度和滚动速度对摩擦因数有显著影响,入口油温和最大工作压力对摩擦因数影响不显著.摩擦因数随着滑动速度的增加而增加,但是增加的幅度随滑动速度的增加而逐渐减小;随着滚动速度的增加,摩擦因数迅速减小,当滚速高于20m/s时趋于稳定;入口油温低于0℃时,其对摩擦因数有较大影响;随最大工作压力的增加摩擦因数缓慢增加.      

一种用于导弹姿态控制系统的直接力非线性控制法

为改善传统导弹姿控系统线性控制法的不足,用相平面法分析了直接力作用下导弹的姿态运动规律和气动力作用对直接力控制的影响,提出了一种综合控制精度、姿控发动机产品特性和推进剂消耗量等指标的直接力非线性控制方法,给出了控制模型。仿真结果表明,该法能在气动力作用或干扰无法忽略的条件下实现导弹姿控发动机的开关工作正常,保证精度及推进剂消耗最省,其控制精度与线性比例微分(PD)控制律相当。